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A Christian Model of Mindfulness: Using Mindfulness Principles to Support Psychological Well-Being, Value-Based Behavior, and the Christian Spiritual Journey
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- 자료유형학술지논문
- 저자명Symington, S.H.,Symington, M.F.
- 학회/출판사/기관명CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL
- 출판년도2012
- 언어영어
- 학술지명/학위논문주기JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY AND CHRISTIANITY
- 발행사항Vol.31No.1[2012]_x000D_
- ISBN/ISSN0733-4273
- 소개/요약Mindfulness was first introduced into health psychology at the Massachusetts Medical Center in the kte 1970s byjon Kabat-Zinn. At the hospital's Stress Reduction Clinic, Kabat-Zinn originally developed mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) to treat those suffering from chronic pain (Kabat-Zinn, 1990). Due to the early success of MBSR, other mindfulness therapies emerged and the application of mindfulness expanded to other symptoms and disorders, including depression, anxiety, borderline personality disorder, cancer side-effects, eating disorders, and sexual dysfunction (Althof, 2010; Kabat-Zinn et al., 1992; Kristeller & Halle«, 1999; Linchan, 1993; Segal, Williams & Teasdale, 2002; Speca, Canson, Goodey, & Angen, 2000). Several of the most widely used mindfulness therapies have received increasing empirical support for their efficacy, such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT; Hayes, Luoma, Bond, Masuda, & Lillis, 2006; Juarisco, Forman, & Herbert, 2010; Ost, 2008; Twohig et al., 2010), Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT; Foley, Baillie, Huxter, Price, & Sinclair, 2010; Hoffman, Sawyer, Witt, & Oh, 2010; Segai et al., 2010; Williams, Russell, & Russell, 2008), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT; Kleinn, Kroger, & Kosfelder, 2010; Lynch, Trost, Salsman & Linchan, 2007; Ost, 2008). Mindfulness-based treatments are helping people overcome debilitating disorders and behaviors. The practice of mindfulness has reached such a level of acceptance in the United States that it is even being used in the public school system (Biegel & Brown, 2011). Aware that the term mindfulness is associated with Buddhism, however, many Christians are cautious or resistant to mindfulness practice. As such, there is confusion about the nature and practice of mindfulness in psychology and there are questions about its compatibility with Christianity. Christian therapists and consumers, as well as the Church, need a wellinformed understanding of the mindfulness practiced in the field of psychology. Therapists and clients want to ensure they are using the most effective treatments available, while not jeopardizing Christian values and Biblical principles. A Christian model of mindfulness we have used to treat anxiety disorders, depression, compulsive behaviors, life transitions, relational difficulties, and sexual dysfunction will be presented. It will be demonstrated that the underlying principles of mindfulness are not only compatible with Christianity but also can enhance the Christian spiritual journey and increase value-based behavior. Defining Mindfulness In the literature one will not find a singular definition of mindfulness; however, most accepted definitions include the principles of presence of mind, acceptance, and non-judgmental detachment. In this article mindfulness is defined as the process of keeping one's mind in the present moment, while staying non-judgmentally detached from potentially destructive thoughts and feelings. The Mindfulness of Buddhism The term mindfulness comes from Buddhist tradition. This discipline of mindfulness, which is a form of meditation, emphasizes attentiveness to activities of the body, sensations and feelings, and mental activities. One of the most popular mindfulness practices is the breath meditation, where the practitioner attends solely to his or her breath (Rahuk, 1959). Mindfulness meditations, in a Buddhist context, allow for detachment from sensory experience and the realization of enlightenment or Nirvana. Accordingly, the individual is freed from the "thirst" of the pleasure senses and sees that the idea of self or soul is a mere illusion. Consequently, the enlightened Buddhist is free from worries and selfish self-protective behaviors. Such an individual lives in the present moment and acquires an internal equanimity. In Buddhism the notion of 'self as an illusion' is core to its philosophical system
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